What are the two main components of a computer system?

 I. Ta’aruf

Dijital dor mein, computer hamari zindagi ka aik ahem hissa ban gaye hain. Ye azeem machines ne hamare kaam, rabita aur tafreeh karne ka tareeqa badal diya hai. Lekin kya aapne kabhi socha hai ke computer system ko kis tarah banaya jata hai? Is article mein, hum un bunyadi ahem ajza par gaur karenge jo har computer ke buniyad banate hain. Computers shayad mushkil lagte hain, lekin asal mein unhain data ko process aur store karne ke liye mil kar kaam karne wale do bade hisson se bana hota hai.

II. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Computer system ka dil aur dimagh Central Processing Unit ya CPU hota hai. Ye hukumat denay aur hisab lagane ka zimedar hai. CPUs mukhtalif models mein aate hain, har model ke alag zobanat hote hain, lekin un ka maqsad wahi rehta hai: data ko process karna. Isay computer ki engine ke tor par socha ja sakta hai, jo ke tamam amal ko chalata hai.

III. Memory (RAM)

Random Access Memory, ya RAM, computer ka doosra aham juz hai. Lambi muddat ke storage jaise ke hard drives ya SSDs ke mukhable, RAM waqtan-fa-waqtan storage ke liye istemal hoti hai. Is mein woh data hota hai jo CPU ko tezi se access karna hai. Jitni zyada RAM computer mein hoti hai, computer utni tezi se kaam kar sakta hai kyunki is se data ko slow storage devices se hasil karne ki zaroorat kam hoti hai.

IV. Motherboard

Motherboard computer ke sab hardware ajzaat ko munsalik karne wala markazi hub ka kaam karti hai. Ye CPU, RAM, storage devices aur doosre peripherals ke darmiyan data ki rastein faraham karti hai. Motherboard CPU socket, memory slots aur expansion slots jaise ahem ajzaat ko host karti hai.

V. Storage Devices

Storage devices woh jaga hain jahan data lambi muddat ke liye rakha jata hai. Hard disk drives (HDDs) aur Solid-State Drives (SSDs) aam taur par ke examples hain. HDDs data spinning disks par store karte hain, jabke SSDs tezi se access ke liye flash memory istemal karte hain. Ye devices operating systems, software ki installation aur shakhsiyat ke files ko store karne ki ijaazat deti hain.

VI. Input aur Output Devices

Input devices, jaise ke keyboards aur mice, istemal karnay walon ko computer ke saath ta’alluq banane deti hain, jabke output devices, jaise monitors aur printers, natijay dikhane ya paida karne ke liye istemal hoti hain. Ye ajza computer system ke sath istemal karne wale ke liye ahem hain.

VII. Operating System

Operating system (OS) woh software hai jo hardware ajzaat ko manage aur control karta hai. Isay ek user-friendly interface faraham karta hai aur applications chalane, files ko manage karne aur security ko yaqeeni banane jaise tasks ko sambhalta hai. Aam taur par istemal hone wale examples mein Windows, macOS aur Linux shamil hain.

VIII. Software

Software computer par chalne wale programs aur applications ko refer karta hai. Isme web browsers, word processors, games aur doosre cheezein shamil hain. Software hardware ko ta’meen kar ke istemal karne wale ko mukhtalif tasks aur functions anjam dene mein madadgar hota hai.

IX. Applications

Applications khas maqsad ke liye design kiye gaye software hain, jaise ke web browsing, graphic design, ya video editing. Ye istemal karne wale ke mukhtalif zarooriyat aur dilchaspiyon ko taqat dene mein madadgar hoti hain aur computer systems ki aabad tareekh hain.

X. Peripherals

Peripherals computer ki khususiyeat ko barhane wale features faraham kar ke computer ki kabiliyat ko wusat karti hain. Examples mein webcams, microphones aur external storage devices shamil hain. Ye accessories computer ki functionality ko behtar banati hain aur istemal karne wale ke mukhtalif zarooriyat ko pura karti hain.

XI. Hardware aur Software ki Muttasirat

Hardware aur software ke darmiyan ta’aalluqi muttasir hai. Software ko hardware ke zariye istemal karne ke liye design kiya jata hai, jabke hardware software ki hukumat karta hai. Is ta’aalluq ki khushnuma muttasirat wohi hai jo computer ko behtareen tareekay se kaam karne ki ijaazat deti hai.

XII. Data aur Information

Computers data ke sath kaam karte hain, lekin data ko maloomat mein tabdeel karne wala software hota hai. Data asal maloomat aur figures ka majmua hota hai, jabke maloomat data ko software ke zariye process kar ke hasil hoti hai. Ye tabdeel karna computer ki bunyad hai.

XIII. Computer Architecture

Computer architecture computer system ke components ki design aur tarteeb ko refer karta hai. Isme CPU, memory aur un ke darmiyan data ka behar ka layout shamil hai. Computer architecture ko samajhna system performance ko behtar banane ke liye zaroori hai.

XIV. Computer Systems ki Tashkeel ka Safar

Computer science ki field ta’aze ta’aruf aur tashkeel se pur mabni hai. Dekadon ke doran, computers kamaray ke size ke machines se pocket size devices tak pohnch gaye hain. Is section mein computer systems ke dilchasp safar ko tajziyah kiya jata hai, jin ka ibteda se le kar aaj tak ka safar hai.

XV. Ta’atim

Akhri lafz mein, a computer system asal taur par do bade hisson, yani Central Processing Unit (CPU) aur Memory (RAM) se bana hota hai. Ye ajza, doosre hardware aur software ahem ajzaat ke sath mil kar hamari zindagi ko badalne wale mukhtalif aur taqatwar machines banate hain. Computer system ke bunyadi ajzaat ko samajhna har kisi ke liye zaroori hai jo apne digital tajziyati se faida uthane ki koshish karta hai.

FAQs

Q1. Kya CPU aur RAM computer mein sirf ahem ajza hain?

Nahi, jabke CPU aur RAM ahem hain, doosre ajzaat jaise storage devices, motherboard, aur peripherals bhi computer ki functionality mein ahem kirdar ada karte hain.

Q2. RAM aur HDDs aur SSDs jaise storage devices mein kya farq hai?

RAM waqtan-fa-waqtan quick-access storage ke liye istemal hoti hai, jabke HDDs aur SSDs data ko lambi muddat ke liye store karte hain. Ye computer mein mukhtalif maqsadon ke liye istemal hote hain.

Q3. Kya computer bina operating system ke kaam kar sakta hai?

Asal mein haan, lekin aam taur par users ke liye computer ke saath eficienti taur par ta’amul karne aur software chalane ke liye aik operating system ki zaroorat hoti hai.

Q4. Computer systems ki tashkeel ka tajziyah hamari rozana zindagi par kis tarah asar dalta hai?

Computer systems ki tashkeel ka tajziyah inhen zyada taqatwar, chust, aur mutasir banata hai, jo ke hamare kaam, rabita aur tafreeh tareeqon par asar dalta hai.

Q5. Kya computer system ke ajzaat ko upgrade ya tabdeel kiya ja sakta hai?

Haan, computer mein mukhtalif ajzaat jaise ke RAM ya storage devices ko behtar performance ya capacity ke liye upgrade ya tabdeel kiya ja sakta hai.